Capital Asset Pricing Model Formula (Table of Contents)
What is CAPM Formula?
If you want to know the rate of return of a risky asset or a stock, you can use the capital asset pricing model formula (CAPM) to calculate that.
Here’s the formula for capital asset pricing model –
Here,
- Ra = required rate of return of the asset;
- Rrf = the rate of return of risk-free security;
- Rm = the broad market’s expected rate of return;
- Ba = beta of the particular asset.
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Capital Asset Pricing Model Example
Let’s take a simple Capital Asset Pricing Model example to illustrate this.
Ramen wants to know the required rate of return of a stock he wants to invest in. He has gathered all the information –
- The rate of return of risk-free security – 7%
- The expected rate of return of the broad market – 12%
- A beta of the particular stock – 0.80
By using the Capital Asset Pricing Model Formula, Ramen needs to find out the rate of return of that particular stock.
In this example, we have all the information.
All we need to do is to put the information into the Capital Asset Pricing Model formula.
The CAPM formula is as follows.
- Or, Ra = 0.07 + 0.8 (0.12 – 0.07)
- Or, Ra = 0.07 + 0.8 * 0.05
- Or, Ra = 0.07 + 0.04
- Or, Ra = 0.11 = 11%.
So from the calculation, Ramen finds out that the required rate of return of that particular stock is 11%.
Since the CAPM formula helps one find out the fair value of a stock, you can also compare the market value and decide whether the particular investment is right for you or not.
Starbucks Capital Asset Pricing Model Example
Let us calculate the Cost of Equity using the CAPM formula.
Cost of Equity CAPM formula Ke = Rf + (Rm-Rf) x Beta
#1 – RISK-FREE RATE
10-year treasury rate ca
n be a good representative of Risk-free rate.
source – bankrate.com
EQUITY RISK PREMIUM (RM – RF)
Starbucks listed in the US have an equity risk premium of 6.25%.
source – stern.nyu.edu
BETA
The beta of Starbucks has decreased over the past five years. We note that Beta of Starbucks is at 0.794x
source: ycharts
With this, we have all the necessary information to calculate the CAPM cost of equity.
- CAPM formula Ke = Rf + (Rm – Rf) x Beta
- Ke = 2.42% + 5.69% x 0.794
- Ke =6.93%
Explanation of Capital Asset Pricing Model Formula
To understand the formula, we need to look at each component of the formula.
- The required rate of return of the asset or the stock: This is what we intend to find out. If we find any risky asset or stock, by using CAPM formula, we can calculate the required rate of return.
- Rate of return of risk-free security: When you put your money into a fixed deposit, you know that your money is safe and secured. Here we are talking about similar risk-free security and its rate of return in normal circumstances.
- Expected rate of return of the broad market: When the investor invests in the broad market, they take a systematic risk inherent within. And as a reward, they get a premium. We call it the expected rate of return of the broad market.
- Beta of the particular asset or stock: Beta represents the systematic risk of the broad market inherent within the asset.
Use of Capital Asset Pricing Model Formula
We use the CAPM formula for finding out the required rate of return of a particular asset or a particular stock. Along with that, if you are calculating WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital), you may need to use the CAPM formula to find out the cost of capital of equity. On a side note, we calculate WACC to find out how much cost a firm needs to incur to borrow money from the shareholders and the creditors.
CAPM quantifies the relationship between risk and required return in a well-functioning market.
Here’s the Cost of Equity CAPM formula for your reference.
Cost of Equity = Risk-Free Rate of Return + Beta * (Market Rate of Return – Risk-free Rate of Return)
(Capital Asset Pricing Model) CAPM Calculator
You can use the following CAPM Calculator
| Rrf (%) | |
| Ba | |
| Rm (%) | |
| Ra Formula = | |
| Ra Formula = Rrf + Ba (Rm - Rrf) |
| 0 + 0 (0 - 0) = 0 |
CAPM Formula in Excel (with excel template)
Let us now do the same CAPM Formula in Excel. This is very simple. You just need to put the information into the CAPM formula.
You can easily find the required rate of return of that particular stock.
You can download this CAPM Formula in Excel template here – (Capital Asset Pricing Model Excel) CAPM Formula in Excel Template
Recommended Articles –
This has been a guide to Capital Asset Pricing Model Formula, Capital Asset Pricing Model example, and CAPM calculator along with CAPM Formula in excel templates. You may also have a look at these articles below to learn more about Valuation Analysis –
- Risk-Free Rate of Return Formula
- Marginal Cost of Capital | Examples
- Equity Risk Premium
- Cost of Equity Formula – Methods
- Risk-Adjusted Returns
- Mistakes in DCF
- Enterprise Value Formula
- Dividend Discount Model – Complete Beginner’s Guide
