Unemployment Compensation

Unemployment compensation is the financial assistance that the states offer to individuals who suddenly lose their jobs due to layoffs or other crises. It attempts to ensure the unemployed workers and staff members have a source of income until they get another job to earn their living.

Though unemployment compensation is a savior for those who lose jobs without the fault of their own, one needs to meet certain criteria to be eligible for the same. For example, someone not interested in finding a job would surely be ineligible for such benefits, given the possibilities of them taking undue advantage of the scheme.

• Unemployment compensation refers to the benefits that nations offer unemployed citizens in the event of job loss due to layoff or retrenchment or anything that does not involve their own fault.
• The payment is made either via a check or direct bank deposit.
• This money serves as their source of income until the unemployed workers get another job to earn their living.
• To note here is that this compensation is only applicable for those who lose jobs without their fault. Someone terminated for their misdeeds are not eligible to receive unemployment benefits.

Unemployment compensation came into existence as part of the Social Security Act 1935 during the Great Depression, following mass job losses. The individuals lost their jobs for no reason and had no further source of income. 

The US government, therefore, decided to extend monetary assistance to the unemployed citizens and help them serve their basic needs, such as food and shelter. Though the amount was insufficient to feed a family with two meals a day, it helped workers get sufficient time to search for another suitable job.

The scheme, however, continued to lend financial support to people who lost jobs without fault. Compensating an unemployed individual is an initiative of the nations worldwide. However, the rules, regulations, requirements, calculations, and other aspects guiding the compensation plan differ from one country to another. 

The amount an unemployment compensation beneficiary receives is a portion of the average income they have been earning for over the last few months. In the United States, the average income for the most recent 52 weeks is taken into consideration to decide the amount a worker is entitled to receive.

Also known as unemployment insurance, these schemes offer jobless individuals the funds obtained from the federal and state taxes levied on employers. The states determine the employers’ contributions depending on the wage they pay to their employees, the contrition they make to the unemployment fund, and the amount they have used from the fund to discharge employees. The contributions from the unemployment taxes remain safe in the Unemployment Trust Fund.

The unemployment compensation comprises a twin program based on the federal and state requirements. The federal scheme runs according to the Federal Unemployment Tax Act. On the other hand, the states administer individual unemployment insurance plans, which require approval from the Secretary of Labor. The approval authenticates the plan and ensures its design and development are per federal standards.

Though the federal and state requirements for an individual to be eligible for such compensations differ, two things are common in all states. Firstly, the loss of a job should not be the result of an individual’s own fault. Instead, the unemployment should be due to layoffs, retrenchments, or anything with a “no fault of their own” label.

Secondly, the authorities carefully consider the period for which the individuals have been working. This is to determine how regular the person has been in doing a job. Assessing the regularity in job and continuous professional engagement allows authorities to believe that the beneficiary would actively look for another job and won’t take undue advantage of the government’s scheme.

An unemployment compensation is a blessing for anyone who suddenly loses their job with no fault of their own. Moreover, this government scheme offers individuals a regular source of income until they get another suitable job. 

When the federal and state authorities help fulfill their basic needs, the individuals continue their job hunt without any stress. This unemployment benefit allows them to take their time and find a relevant employment opportunity with respect to income and position. As a result, they do not have to compromise their career to feed their family.

During layoffs and retrenchments or a company’s financial struggle, many individuals lose their jobs at the same time. If a portion of the population is unable to spend on the basic commodities, it highly affects a country’s economy. Thus, unemployment insurance is also a tool to keep the economy active.

Last but not least, beneficiaries can always reapply for such compensation in certain situations.

The most significant example to cite here is the federal pandemic unemployment compensation, which began with the outburst of COVID-19. The plan included multiple benefits, like Pandemic Unemployment Assistance (PUA), Pandemic Emergency Unemployment Compensation (PEUC), Extended Benefits, etc.

Though the benefits expired in September 2021, some groups are still eligible for the benefits if the same is claimed.

Unemployment compensation is not for those who lose jobs because of their fault, whether it’s a misconduct or behavioral issue. Thus, before applying for this insurance program, one must evaluate the reason behind the job loss. If the reason for the cause of unemployment is their fault, they will not receive any compensation.

Next on the list is to check if they meet the country’s requirements concerning salary earned or time devoted. If not, they should not proceed to apply. Whether it's unemployment compensation exclusion 2021 or for the upcoming years ahead, these two points hold significance for all unemployment insurance applications every year.

This is a guide to what is Unemployment Compensation and its meaning. Here we explain requirements, benefits, and exclusions along with examples. You may also have a look at the following articles –

• Command Economy
• Calculate Unemployment Rate
• Structural Unemployment Definition
• Recessionary Gap Definition
• What is Stock Based Compensation?