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Home » Accounting Tutorials » Assets Tutorials » Current Assets Formula

Current Assets Formula

What is Current Assets Formula?

The formula for current assets is calculated by adding all the assets from the balance sheet that can be transformed into cash within a period of one year or less. Current assets primarily include cash, cash, and equivalents, account receivables, inventory, marketable securities, prepaid expenses, etc. Adding all these together, along with other such liquid assets, can help an analyst to understand the short term liquidity of a business.

It is noteworthy that usually, current assets are listed on the company’s balance sheet in the descending order of liquidity and cash being the most liquid form of the current asset i.e., easily convertible to cash. It is listed first. These short term assets are the vital components of a company’s short term liquidity and net working capital requirement.

Current Asset Formula is represented as,

Current Assets = Cash and Cash Equivalents + Accounts Receivables + Inventory + Marketable Securities + Prepaid Expenses + Other Liquid Assets
Current Assets formula

However, it is important to note that all of these current assets are typically easily available in a company’s balance sheet.

Explanation of the Current Assets Formula

The formula for calculation of current assets can be derived by using the following two simple steps:

Step 1: Firstly, gather all the assets, which can be liquidated within a period of one year or less, from the balance sheet of the company. Such assets include cash, cash equivalents, inventory, marketable securities, accounts receivables, and prepaid expenses, other liquid assets, etc.

Step 2: Finally, the total current assets formula is calculated by adding up all the short term assets mentioned in the previous step.

Current Assets = Cash and Cash Equivalents + Accounts Receivables + Inventory + Marketable Securities + Prepaid Expenses + Other Liquid Assets

Examples of Current Assets Formula

Let’s see some simple to advanced examples to understand the calculation of Current Assets Formula better.

You can download this Current Assets Formula Excel Template here – Current Assets Formula Excel Template

Current Assets Formula – Example #1

Let us consider an example to calculate the current assets of a company called XYZ Limited. As per the annual report of XYZ Limited for the financial year ended on March 31, 20XX.

The below template shows the data of XYZ Limited for calculation of Current Assets for the financial year ended on March 31, 20XX.

Current Assets example 1

Current assets  = Cash and Cash Equivalents + Accounts Receivable + Inventory + Marketable Securities + Prepaid Expenses.

So, the calculation of Current Assets of  XYZ Ltd., by using the above formula can be as:

Current Assets example 2

Therefore, Current Assets of XYZ Limited for the financial year ended on March 31, 20XXwill be :

=$100,000 + $40,000 + $12,000 + $33,000 + $6,000

Current Assets example1.3png

The current assets of XYZ Limited for the year ended on March 31, 20XX is $191,000.

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Current Assets Formula – Example #2

Let us take the example of Walmart Inc.’s annual report for the fiscal year in January 2018.

The below template shows the data of  Walmart Inc.’s for the fiscal year ending in January 2018.

Current Assets example 2.1png

Current assets (in USD Billions)=Cash and Cash Equivalents + Accounts Receivable + Inventory + Other current assets.

Therefore, the calculation for Current Assets of Walmart Inc.’s for the fiscal year ending in January 2018 can be:

Current Assets example 2.2png

Therefore, Current Assets of Walmart Inc.’s for the fiscal year ending in January 2018 will be,

=6.76 + 5.61 + 43.78 + 3.51

Current Assets example 2.3png

Current Asset of Walmart Inc.’s for the fiscal year ending in January 2018= $59.66

This means that Walmart Inc.’s current assets for the fiscal year ended in January 2018 stood at $59.66 Bn.

Current Assets Formula – Example #3

Let us take the example of Microsoft Corp.’s annual report for the fiscal year in June 2018.

The below table shows the data and calculation of Microsoft Corp.’s annual report for the fiscal year in June 2018.

Current assets (in USD Billions)=Cash and Cash Equivalents + Accounts Receivable + Inventory + Other current assets.

Therefore, current assets of Microsoft Corp.’s for the fiscal year ending in June 2018 will be:

=133.77 + 26.48 + 2.66 + 6.75

Current Assets example3png

Current Assets of Microsoft Corp.’s for the fiscal year ending in June 2018 = $169.66

This means that Microsoft Corp.’s current assets for the fiscal year ended in June 2018 stood at $169.66 Bn.

Current Assets Formula Calculator

Cash & Cash Equivalents
Accounts Receivables
Inventory
Marketable Securities
Prepaid Expenses
Other Liquid Assets
Current Assets Formula =
 

Current Assets Formula = Cash & Cash Equivalents + Accounts Receivables + Inventory + Marketable Securities + Prepaid Expenses + Other Liquid Assets
0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0

Example of Current Assets Formula (with Excel Template)

Now let us take the case of Apple Inc. to illustrate the calculation of current assets in the excel template below. The table provides the detailed calculation of the current assets for the financial year ending on September 29, 2018, and September 30, 2017.

The below template shows the data and calculation of Apple Inc for the financial year ending on September 29, 2018, and September 30, 2017.

Therefore, calculation of current assets of Apple Inc for the financial year ending on and September 30, 2017, is,

=20,289 + 53,892 + 17,874 + 4,855 + 17,799 + 13,936 + 128,645

Current Assets example4png

Current Assets of Apple Inc for the financial year ending on and September 30, 2017, will be:

Current Assets example4.1png

Current Assets of Apple Inc for the financial year ending on September 30, 2017=128,645

Similarly, we can calculate the Current Assets of Apple Inc for the financial year ending on September 29, 2018, by using the above formula,

Current Assets example4.2png

Current Assets of Apple Inc for the financial year ending on September 29, 2018=119,252

Relevance and Use of Current Assets Formula

It is vital to understand the concept of current asset formula as it is a key indicator of a company’s short term financial health. The ideal ratio of the current assets to the current liabilities of the company should be between 1.25 to 2.00. If in case the current liabilities exceed the current assets, i.e., the ratio is less than 1. It means that the company’s current assets are not enough to cover the current financial obligations adequately. Again in case, the current assets exceed the current liabilities, i.e., the ratio is around 1.5, then the company has enough assets to pay off the short term debts.

On the other hand, having too much of current assets can be seen as a bad thing as this indicates that the company is either not willing to or is unable to invest the profits into upcoming growth projects. Achievement of the correct balance of current assets and current liabilities can be a positive indicator to lenders and investors that the company has enough cash in hand for financial emergencies and that the company is investing the profits in the right kind of opportunities.

Recommended Articles:

This has been a guide to Current Assets Formulas. Here we discuss how to calculate current assets along with practical examples and downloadable excel templates. You can learn more about accounting from the following articles –

  • INDEX Formula Excel
  • Current Assets Examples & Types
  • Current Liabilities Formula
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