What is Retail Banking?
Retail banking is services which the bank provides to its individual customers rather than corporates and includes facilities of checking account, savings accounts, debit card, credit card, e-banking services, insurance, investment, phone banking, and consumer lending, etc. The main function includes credit, deposits, and the management of the money.
These services are offered to the retail customers and not to the institutional customers like companies, financial institutions, etc. So, it is also known as consumer banking. It is the visible face of banking to the general public, and it has branches of the bank which are located in huge numbers in most of the major cities.
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Example of Retail Banking
Mr. X has an account in the bank which is situated in his locality. He has spare $ 5,000 with him. He decided to deposit this amount in his checking account with the bank. So he went to the bank for depositing the $ 5,000 into his checking account. However, when he went to the bank, he was told by the concerned representative in the bank that there is a new scheme launched by the bank for the investment in the retirement plans.
Mr. X found the plan attractive and decided to invest the money in the retirement plan from the next year. Also, X is planning to purchase a new house in the same locality as presently is living in a rented house. So he inquired about the house loan facilities and the other information required for getting the housing loan. So, with the help of retail banking, Mr. X was able to deposit his money, understand the retirement savings plan and get the additional information regarding the other banking products required by him, i.e., housing loan.
Advantages
- With the help of retail banking, various services are offered to the individuals at one place where the clients will be able to get multiple products of the bank. These services include Checking accounts, Savings accounts, Debit/ATM cards, Credit cards, Money orders, Wire transfers, Mortgages and home loans, Auto loans, Personal loans, Safe deposit boxes, etc.
- Retail deposits made by the consumers are stable, and they constitute core deposits.
- They are the low-cost funds of the bank, which gives a better yield to the bank with the improved bottom line. It also increases the subsidiary company business of banks.
- When there is a demand-driven economy, minimum marketing efforts are involved in running retail banking. Also, it is presumed that the consumer loans have lower risk, so there is less chance of loans becoming the NPA.
- It provides affordable credit to the individuals; this fulfills their requirements and increases their lifestyle.
- It provides the services to the retail customers, which increases the production activity in the economy, thereby helping in the economic revival of the nation.
Disadvantages
- There is a huge volume of the loan accounts in retail banking, which requires regular monitoring. This requires huge spending on human resources. Also, if there are no proper follow up of these accounts, especially the long term loans, then there are high chances that these accounts will become non- performing assets.
- In the present world, the preferences of consumers are shifting from branch banking to internet banking or phone banking.
- It creates problems for the branches of the banks who find it difficult to introduce the new products that are based on technology. Due to this, retaining customers is becoming difficult. Also, in some of the cases, the huge investment is made by the banks in the technology, but they are unable to exploit them fully.
Important Points
- The main function of retail banking includes credit, deposits, and the management of the money. Credit is offered by the retail banks to purchase the house, cars, furniture, etc. Under the deposit function, a safe place is provided by the banks to the individuals to invest their money, and in return, the consumer will get the prescribed interest. Lastly, under the money management function, retail banks manage the money of the customer with the help of the checking accounts, debit cards, etc.
- With its help, various services are offered to the individuals at one place where the clients will be able to get multiple products of the bank.
Final Thoughts
- Retail Banking is the major form of commercial banking that provides different services, mainly targeting retail customers rather than corporate clients.
- There are several products and services that the retail banks provide, and these products are the designing, keeping in mind the requirement, the large segment of the consumers.
- The various products or services offered by the retail banks include Checking accounts, Savings accounts, Debit cards, Credit cards, Money orders, Wire transfers, Mortgages and home loans, auto loans, etc. Due to this variety of services, retail banking has a large base of the customers, and hence, they have a large number of transactions with small values.
- It, therefore, may be the low-cost funds of the bank, which gives a better yield to the bank with the improved bottom line. It also increases the subsidiary business of banks.
- In the present time, lending to the corporate clients increases the credit risk and the market risk of the banks, whereas market risk may get eliminated in the case of retail banking. But at the same time, there is a huge volume of the loan accounts in retail banking, so they require regular monitoring by the banks.
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