Shrinkage Formula

What is Shrinkage Formula?

The shrinkage comes into play when there is a substantial difference in the number of items mentioned in the book of accounts than as present physical. Considering the case of inventory valuationInventory Valuation Inventory Valuation Methods refers to the methodology (LIFO, FIFO, or a weighted average) used to value the company's inventories, which has an impact on the cost of goods sold as well as ending inventory, and thus has a financial impact on the company's bottom-line numbers and cash flow situation.read more, shrinkage is defined as the difference between the value of inventory mentioned in the book of accounts and the value of inventory that exists physically.

• If there is a discrepancy or shrinkage of any item in the book of accounts, then it usually is considered as an act of fraud or theft or an accounting error.
• The inventory shrinkage is very common in terms of a retail and manufacturing business. Inventory shrinkage can result in business or inventory value loss. The business should be very critical in monitoring how the inventory is managed on a day to day basis.
• The inventory shrinkageInventory ShrinkageInventory Shrinkage refers to the excess stock of goods shown in the accounts' books, although actual inventory is short of it. The reason behind this difference in real and recorded stock can be damage, theft, counting error, etc.read more formula is represented as below:

• The inventory in the book of accounts formula is represented as follows:

• Similarly, from the above relationship, it is easy to derive the shrinkage rates observed in the levels of the inventory. The shrinkage rate formula is represented as below:

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For eg:
Source: Shrinkage Formula (wallstreetmojo.com)

Explanation of Shrinkage Formula

Examples of Shrinkage Formula (with Excel Template)

Let’s see some simple to advanced examples of shrinkage formula to understand it better.

Shrinkage Formula Example #1

Let us take the example of a manufacturing business that had reported $30,000 as the final inventory value as per the book of accounts. However, the accountant observed that the business has $28,000 worth of finished products. Help the top management of the business to determine the overall shrinkage in the inventory.

Solution:

Use the given data for the calculation of shrinkage value.

Calculation of shrinkage value can be done as follows:

Determine the value of shrinkage as displayed below:

Shrinkage Value = $30,000 – $28,000

Shrinkage Value will be –

Shrinkage Value = $2,000

Therefore, the manufacturing business has an inventory loss of $2,000 due to the shrinkage reported between the book of account and actual value.

Shrinkage Formula Example #2

Let us take the example of a manufacturing business that had reported $50,000 as the final inventory value as per the book of accounts. However, the accountant observed that the business has $37,000 worth of finished products. Help the top management to determine the overall shrinkage and the rate of shrinkage in the inventory.

Solution:

Use the given data for the calculation of shrinkage value.

Calculation of shrinkage value can be done as follows:

Determine the value of shrinkage as displayed below:

Shrinkage Value = $50,000 – $37,000

Shrinkage Value will be –

Shrinkage Value = $13,000

Calculation of shrinkage rate can be done as follows:

Shrinkage Rate = $13,000 / $37,000

Shrinkage Rate will be –

Shrinkage Rate = 35.14%

Therefore, the manufacturing business has an inventory loss of $13,000 due to the shrinkage reported between the book of account and actual value. It further accounted for shrinkage rate by 35.14%, which is very high value. The management, therefore, has to investigate whether the shrinkage is due to theft or accounting error.

Shrinkage Formula Example #3

Let us take the example of a manufacturing business that had reported $50,000 as the beginning inventory value as per the book of accounts. The business purchased $20,000 through the financial year and achieved sales of $30,000 for the financial year. It additionally made adjustments in inventory levels by $2,000.

However, the accountant observed that the business has $37,000 worth of finished products. Help the top management to determine the overall shrinkage and the rate of shrinkage in the inventory.

Solution:

Use the given data for the calculation of shrinkage value.

Calculation of Inventory on Book can be done as follows:

Inventory in the book of Accounts = $50,000 + $20,000 – $30,000 – $2,000

Inventory in the book of Accounts will be –

Inventory in Book of Accounts = $38,000

Calculation of shrinkage value can be done as follows:

Shrinkage Value = $38,000 – $37,000

Shrinkage Value will be –

Shrinkage Value = $1,000

Calculation of shrinkage rate can be done as follows:

Shrinkage Rate = $1,000 / $37,000

Shrinkage Rate will be –

Shrinkage Rate = 2.70%

Therefore, the manufacturing business has an inventory loss of $1,000 due to the shrinkage reported between the book of account and actual value. The shrinkage rate is comparatively low at 2.70%, and hence this shrinkage may be due to accounting error while reporting the values in the book of accounts.

Relevance and Uses

It is very critical for the accountants and the audit experts to monitor the physical inventory levels. Further, it has to be compared with the inventory levels, as mentioned in the book of accounts. Once the value is determined, the shrinkage, if any, arising out of the comparison should be noted and reported to the top management.

The determination of the shrinkage levels helps in better control over the inventoryControl Over The InventoryInventory control is adopted by organizations to properly manage the inventory/stock stored in the course of business to minimize storage & carrying charges for the inventory and satisfy its customer’s demands in the market.read more maintained. An inventory shrinkage may be a result of direct theft, which may have been done by either employee, vendors, or the customers.

Inventory shrinkage may also arise due to errors made by the accountantsErrors Made By The AccountantsAccounting errors refer to the typical mistakes made unintentionally while recording and posting accounting entries. These mistakes should not be considered fraudulent behaviour first-hand as this can happen with anyone and by anyone.read more while performing inventory valuation. Hence, it could be inferred that the shrinkage determination indirectly helps in the controlling aspect of how the shrinkage is managed on a day to day basis.

Recommended Articles

This article has been a guide to shrinkage formula. Here we discuss the calculation of shrinkage value and its rate using formula along with examples and downloadable excel template. You can learn more about financial analysis from the following articles –

• Inflation Formula
• Days Payable Outstanding Formula
• Inventory Financing Definition
• Inventory Audit
• Badwill