What is Evergreen Loan?
Evergreen loans, also known as revolving credit, can be defined as the loans where the borrower receives a principal amount from the lender with a contract interest rate & validity for the contract and borrower during the validity of the contract can anytime repay the loan or retake the loan any number of times.
Explanation
- In traditional loans, the borrower needs to pay the instalments for repaying the loan with the principal amount and the interest amount. In Evergreen loans, the lender sanctions the principal amount of the loan to the borrower with a contract period which defines the validity of the contract providing the interest rate as well.
- The borrower needs to pay off the interest amount as well as the principal amount at the end of the agreement but the benefit comes to the borrower during the contract period where the borrower can withdraw any amount and repay the amount as per his benefit. And the borrower can do this any number of time during the contract period.
How does Evergreen Loan Work?
- On the application submitted by the applicant, the banking companies offer different products relating to the revolving credit. Once the application is approved and the loan amount is also approved, the lender (banks, etc.) give the principal amount to the applicant (borrower) which is also bound with a maximum credit amount limit. The borrower can use this amount as per his discretion.
- This type of credit bank charges some fees or amounts from the borrower and applies interest rates in case of delayed payment or overdrawn limit. During the time of credit, the number of available credit decreases and increases as the borrower withdraw funds as well as pay back the funds. The borrower can pay the credit amount in multiple payments or at a single payment. Once the full amount is paid back the loan, the lending relationship comes to close.
Examples
In the market, the most used Evergreen loans are Credit Cards & line of credits which include overdraft limit, export packing credit, etc.
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- In the case of traditional credit cards, the borrower needs to file an application after which his background and his credit scorecard are checked and then the application is approved and the credit limit is offered accordingly. In the case of credit card, the statement of credit card is generated every month, during the month the credit card user can borrow any amount of funds up to the available maximum credit. The user needs to pay the minimum amount mentioned in his statement. The much amount he pays back; the much credit limit will be available to him to use again.
- The line of credit is provided by banks or other financial institutions to the borrower who can be a company, an individual or government, etc. In this case, also, an amount of credit limit is provided to the borrower and the borrower can use the amount as per his requirements. A monthly statement is generated in this case and the borrower needs to pay the minimum amount mentioned to improve his credit score and have good credibility for the future.
Types
- Revolving Line of Credit: Revolving line of credit is issued to the borrower for day to day use purposes or can also be said as working capital purpose. Where the user can use the credit limit offered to pay in any kind of transaction or any event.
- Letter of Credit: This is a special guarantee provided by the bank to the person on behalf of its client that the bank will pay the obligation in case the client defaulted in doing so. The bank issues the letter of credit with a credit limit pre-decided up to which the bank will take the financial guarantee. The client during entering into the transaction may provide a letter of credit to the other party for the payment of the consideration of the transaction or contract.
Renewal Criteria for Evergreen Loan
- In case the borrower applies for the renewal of the evergreen loan, the bank or other financial institution will determine the financials of the borrowers and the credit score of the borrower before allowing the renewal of the loan. For example, in the case of a company, the lender calls for the latest financial statement of the company for evaluating the financial conditions of the company.
- In the case of renewal, the lender will check the income of the borrower to verify that the income of the borrower is enough to repay the loan amount as well as cross verify the collaterals provided by the borrowers to evaluate whether, in case of default by the borrower, the collaterals provided will cover the loan amount or not (in the case where the lender has kept the collaterals). In case the balance of the borrower was always close to the credit limit of the previous evergreen loan, the lender may decide not to renew the loan.
Potential Issues
- There are areas where the evergreen loan can create some issues. Like in the case of the borrower applies for renewal of such a loan, the bank can simply choose not to renew it upon looking up the financials of the borrower and the bank decided that the financials of the borrower is not strong enough.
- The bank may also decide to withdraw from the relationship if the borrower maxes out the usage of the credit and did not pay any interest amount for a long period like 1 year. In this case, the bank will oppose keeping the relationship going as the bank may decide that the borrower will not be able to repay the loan.
Conclusion
- The Evergreen loan also called Revolving credit facilities are issued by a bank or other financial institution to a company, government, or individual who applies for such. Upon verification of the background and financial position of the applicant, the lender approves the loan amount.
- The borrower can use the funds up to the credit limit provided by the bank. The borrower needs to pay the minimum amount mentioned in the statement generated in case of some evergreen loans which comprise of principal and interest amount so that the credit score of the borrower remains healthy for future purposes. Because based on the credit score of the person, the bank or financial institution provides the loan or credit to the person.
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